Anyusheva, Maria und La, Nguyen und Lamers, Marc und Streck, Thilo
(2009)
The fate of agrochemicals in paddy rice-aquaculture systems in Northern Vietnam.
In: Jahrestagung der DBG 2009: Böden - eine endliche Ressource, September 2009, Bonn.
Kurzfassung
During the last decades, high population growth and export-oriented economics have led to a tremendous intensification of rice production in North Vietnam, which in turn has significantly increased the amount of agrochemicals applied in rice cropping systems. Since pesticides are toxic by design, there is a natural concern on the impact of their presence in the environment on human health and environmental quality. In North Vietnam, lowland and upland paddy rice production systems were identified to be the major non-point source of agrochemical pollution to surface and ground water, which are often directly used for domestic purposes. Hence, the quantification and forecast of pesticide losses to ground and surface water from paddy rice fields is of indispensable concern and a prerequisite for assesing the potential environmental exposure and risk of water pollution across vulnerable landscapes. In Son La province, North Vietnam, paddy rice fields and fish ponds are linked, that is, irrigation water is first used in paddy fields, before it flows to the adjacent fish pond. The aim of the present study was to measure and simulate the water regime and the transport of agrochemicals in integrated farming systems in North Vietnam and to evaluate the potential risk of water pollution across the landscape. During two consecutive cropping seasons (2008) we intensively measured the water regime (inflow, outflow, water level, soil moisture) of an integrated paddy field - fish pond system and the concentrations of two applied pesticides (Dimethoate, Fenitrothion) in various system components (paddy water, soil water, pond water, soil sediment, inflow and outflow water). Pesticide samples were processed by solid phase extraction and analyzed in Hohenheim by GC and mass spectrometry. In our presentation we will focus on measurement results indicating that under the current management and pesticide application practices a considerable amount of pesticides is lost from the paddy field to the adjacent pond and further to the receiving stream and/or to the ground water.
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